Gas Turbine

Gas turbine is an internal combustion engine that operates on the principle of continuous combustion. This type of engine consists of three main components:1. Upstream gas compressor: This component rotates in the upstream direction and compresses the incoming air. 2. Downstream turbine: Located on the same shaft as the compressor, the downstream turbine extracts energy from the high-velocity gas flow. 3. Combustion chamber or zone between the first and second components: This area, referred to as the combustor, is where fuel is injected and ignited.To improve efficiency, a fourth component like a turboprop or turbofan is often added. These can convert energy into mechanical or electrical forms (turboshaft, electric generator) or increase the power/mass/volume ratio (afterburner).The fundamental operation of gas turbines is based on the Brayton cycle, utilizing atmospheric air as the working fluid. Fresh air goes into the compressor at atmospheric pressure. The compressor increases the pressure of the air and passes it to the combustion chamber. In this chamber burning liquid fuel or natural gas is used to increase the temperature of the air while keeping the pressure constant. This high-pressure and high-temperature air then goes into the turbine and expands to rotate the shaft. Some of the energy from the high pressure and high temperature dissipates in the form of shaft work output while remain energy goes into the atmosphere in the form of exhaust gasses. The shaft then can be linked to the generator to produce electricity or any other such machine to operate a vehicles.Gas turbines are designed with robustness and reliability, offering long-term operation and rapid startup capabilities. The advanced annular combustion chamber features individually replaceable heat shields, enabling quick and practical maintenance. Additionally, Hydraulic Clearance Optimization minimizes clearance losses to enhance gas turbine efficiency and minimize degradation during startup and shutdown.Gas turbines facilitate economical power generation, especially for intermediate or base load tasks, due to their quick-start capabilities. They provide a reliable solution for electricity generation, featuring a wide range of gas and liquid fuels and delivering high efficiency and excellent emission performance through sturdy industrial design.